ANALIZA POVREDA I PROCJENA NASTALE ŠTETE U SLOVENIJI 2000. GODINE
Bilban M
Institut za zaštitu na radu, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Poslije profesionalnih oboljenja, povrede na radu su najvažniji, negativni indikator zdravstvenog stanja radnika. Neophodno je sagledati trenutno stanje sigurnosti pri radu i zdravlja radnika, da bi mogli planirati preventivne aktivnosti, i unaprijediti zdravstveno stanje radnika.

CILJ: Cilj istraživanja je prikazati uzroke, posljedice i štetu nastalu nakon povreda na radu u Sloveniji 2000. godine u deset različitih industrijskih grana, te na osnovu nalaza adekvatnog mjerenja, predložiti aktivnosti na svim nivoima.

MATERIAL I METODE: Primjenjene su standardne statističke medode za sve registrovane povrede na radu, u prvih 10 industrijskih grana, a na osnovi ILO metodologije je izvršena ocjena nastale štete koje su povrede nanijele nacionalnom gospodarstvu.

REZULTATI: Najučestalije povrede na radu u istraživanom periodu registrovane su u građevinskih radnika, dok je poslednja opasnost djelovanja obrazovanje. Najčešći uzrok povredama na radu su bili odroni različitih predmeta u padu, udarci predmetima i kontakti s oštrim predmetom. Najučestalije povrede tijela bile su zapešće, dlan i prsti, potom gležanj i stopalo, trup, noge, glava i oči. Najveća ocijenjena šteta zbog povreda na radu iznosila je te godine u Sloveniji 3,42% ukupnog bruto državnog proizvoda, određena štetom u industrijskom procesu, građevinarstvu, trgovini, saobraćaju i zdravstvenoj zaštiti.

ZAKLJUČAK: Analiza je pokazala da su uzroci povreda na radu raznovrsni, te je pristup preventivnim procedurama kompleksan. Potrebno je uraditi nacrte preventivnih akcija na nivou radnika, radne organizacije i države u cjelini u formi promocije zdravlja (ergonomska mjerenja, organizacija rada, podizanje nivoa obrazovanja, te ostali postupci sigurnosti na radu) s najširim uključivanjem svih segmenata društva, temeljenih na kvalitetnim epidemiološkim podacima o uzrocima, posljedicama i uspješnom zbrinjavanju.

ANALYSIS OF INJURIES AT WORK AND ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE IN SLOVENIA IN THE YEAR 2000 Bilban M.
Institute for Occupational Safety, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Along with occupational diseases, injuries at work are the most important negative indicator of the state of health of employees. They are important for monitoring the current situation of occupational health and safety, and for planing preventive activities, by which the health situation could be improved.

AIM: The aim of the research was to present causes, consequences and damages deriving from injuries at work in Slovenia in 2000 in ten different branches of industry, and based on the findings, adequate measures and activities on all levels are proposed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: all injuries in the top ten branches of industry by number of injuries at work, are assessed by applying established statistical methods, and based on the ILO methodology; the damage, caused to the national economy, is presented.

RESULTS: in the referenced year, most injuries per number of employees were registered in the construction sector, while the least risky activity is education. The most common reasons for injuries were slides, followed by various falling objects, collisions with various objects and contacts with sharp objects. The most frequently injured parts of the human body were wrists, hands and fingers, followed by ankles and feet, the body, legs, arms, head and eyes. The highest estimated damage, resulting from injuries at work in Slovenia in the referenced year, amounting to 3.42 % of the total gross national product was established in the processing industry, followed by the construction sector, commerce, transport and health care.

CONCLUSION: the analysis showed that causes of injuries at work vary a lot and therefore preventive measures should be dealt with comprehensively. Based on results of this study and high prevalence of injuries at work, it is necessary to prepare the plans of preventive actions on the level of workers and company. And to prepare the plans of the health promotion by including in the widest sense all segments of the society, based on quality epidemiological data and research of causality, consequences and successful measures (ergonomic measures, organisation of work, education and other measures of occupational protection and safety at work).