AKUSTIČKE KARAKTERISTIKE GLASA U OSOBA ZAPOSLENIH U FABRICI OBUĆE "AIDA"
Iličković M, Brkić E.
Dom zdravlja Tuzla, Služba logopedije, Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina

CILJ: Istraživanjem smo željeli ispitati fonacijske promjene karakteristika glasa u osoba koje rade u uvjetima pojačane buke. Željelo se utvrditi da li dugogodišnji rad u buci dovodi do blagih oštećenja glasa koji se mogu manifestirati povišenjem fundamentalne frekvencije i većom nestabilnošću fonacije.

ISPITANICI I METODE: Fonacijske promjene karakterisika glasa ispitivali smo u 11 ispitanika eksperimentalne skupine u D.D. Fabrika obuće "Aida" Tuzla prosječne starosti 47 godina. Kontrolnu skupinu je činilo isto toliko zaposlenih radnika (muškog spola) u raznim ustanovama gdje ne postoji izlaganje pojačanoj buci u radnom ambijentu prosječne starosne dobi od 39 godina. Svim ispitanicima provedeno je fonetsko ispitivanje, a audio snimci fonacije su pohranjeni na računaru. Analiza akustičnih karakteristika glasa prema snimcima fonacije obrađena je pomoću računarskih programa EZ-Voice Plus i statističkog programa -Statistica for Windows ver. 4.5.

REZULTATI: Dugogodišnji rad u uvjetima buke dovodi do povišenja frekvencije osnovnog laringealnog tona i do većih oscilacija u osnovnom laringealnom tonu, što su i statistički značajne promjene u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu (P<0,05). Eksperimentalna grupa ima veću vrijednost Fo (130 Hz) od kontrolne (109 Hz). Za vrijednosti raspona (Range) reći ćemo da su u eksperimentalnoj grupi iznosile 3.5, a u kontrolnoj 2.3 muzička polutona.

ZAKLJUČAK: Trebalo bi posvetiti dodatnu pažnju zaštiti radnika od buke, kako bi se sačuvali njihov zdrav sluh i govor. Ovim radom je potvrđeno da rad u uvjetima pojačane buke ne djeluje nepovoljno samo na sluh (dovodeći do traumatskih oštećenja sluha), već on nepovoljno utiče na kvalitetu glasa, tj. glas gubi na kvaliteti u osoba koje rade u bučnim uvjetima.

ACUSTIC CHARACTERISTIC OF VOICE IN WORKERS EMPLOYED IN FOOTWEAR FACTORY "AIDA"

Iličković M, Brkić E.
Health Center Tuzla, Service of Voice- rehabilitation, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

AIM: With this research we have wished to examine phonetic changes of characteristics of voice by the persons which are working under loud conditions. We have wished to determine if long year work in loudness brings mild damages of voice, which can be manifested by bigger fundamental frequency.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This has been done with 11 persons of experimental group at the footwear factory "Aida" Tuzla (average age 47 years) and same with 11 workers (average age 39 years) which are working in different departments where has no exposure to loudness. This was control group. To all examining subjects have been made audio recordings of voice characteristic, and recordings are later transferred into the computer for an acoustic and statistical analysis. These analyses were carried out by using programs EZ-Voice Plus and statistic program- Statistic for Windows ver.4.5.

RESULTS: Workers, which long term work under loud conditions bring to bigger frequency of main laryngeal tone and increase of fundamental frequency above physiological optimum causes its bigger differences with this research are established and accepted. Experimental group has bigger value of fundamental frequency of voice (Fo) 130 Hz, and control group has Fo 109 Hz. Also, results of the study are established that work under loud conditions does not effects on hearing, but also effects on the quality of voice of this persons. In experimental group value of span were 3.5, and in control group 2.3 music halftone.

CONCLUSION: It should be more attention to protect workers from the loudness to save theirs health of hearing and voice. With this research, it is confirmed that work under loud conditions did not affect unfavourable just at hearing (bring to traumatic damages of hearings). It affects unfavourable at the quality of voice in other words the voice loses at quality by the persons, which work under loud conditions.